Pivot queries

           // App\Models\User
 
 public function coaches(): BelongsToMany
 {
     return $this->belongsToMany(User::class, 'athlete_user', 'athlete_id', 'user_id')
         ->withPivot('role');
 }
        

           // return users with a collection of their coaches
 User::with('coaches')->get();
 
 // return users with a collection of their head coaches only
 User::with([
     'coaches' => fn ($coach) => $coach->where('role','head-coach')
 ])->get();
 
 // return users that have themselves as a coach
 User::whereHas('coaches', fn ($coach) =>
     $coach->whereColumn('athlete_id', 'users.id')
 )
->get()
 
 // return users filtered by a pivot value with a potentially ambiguous column name
 User::whereHas('coaches', fn ($coach) =>
     $coach->whereNull('athlete_user.updated_at')
 )
->get()
 
 // return users without themselves as a member
 User::whereDoesntHave('coaches', fn ($coach) =>
     $coach->whereColumn('athlete_id', 'users.id')
 )
->get()